Vivisection Essay example - 1710 Words

Every year in the USA about 70 million animals are experimented on (Monamy 34). Almost all these animals are euthanized after they are no longer needed. But I’m not going to focus on the moral aspect of this subject because that would be a never ending argument of opinions. After doing research I found that there are more important reasons why this practice should be modified. Our government’s dependence on vivisection should be toned down or totally replaced because it is misleading, its faulty results, and with better alternatives available. Vivisection is defined as the cutting of live animals and applies to all experiments conducted on animals. Eighty-five percent of the animals used are rats and mice but dogs, cats, primates,†¦show more content†¦In the 1800s, Claude Bernard was able to convince the scientific and medical community that animal experimentation was necessary to prove theories of human diseases. From this vivisection became a norm for studyi ng diseases and drugs until today. Senator Humphrey further helped the cause, in 1951, by passing a bill that required a lot of the drugs to be prescribed by doctors. In 1961, a law was passed that all drugs were required to be tested on animals before clinic trials. Though 85 percent of USA citizens supported this practice during this time, it seems that as time goes by more people become skeptical of it. The 3Rs was introduced in 1959 by William Russell and Rex Burch. This approach included reducing how many animals were used, revising the way these experiments were done to reduce suffering, and replacing vivisection with alternatives as much as possible. By 1966, the Animal Welfare Act was passed which were rules and guidelines on how animals had to be handled during experimentation. A controversial book published in 1975 titled â€Å"Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals†, made it known for the first time by the public the horrors of animal testing. The author criticized the need for such pain to be inflicted when minimum benefit was obtained. This created what is now the animal right movement and helped decrease the use on animals by 50 percent. The USA citizen support has alsoShow MoreRelatedEssay On Vivisection727 Words   |  3 Pagesand is electrocuted and force-fed chemicals from time to time. This is the life of animals in a laboratory. Live-animal experimentation, also known as vivisection, is not only unethical, but also cruel and unnecessary. In the article â€Å"Vivisection is Right, but it is Nasty- and We must be Brave Enough to Admit This†, Michael Hanlon claims vivisection is a moral necessity that without the use of animals in the laboratory, humans would not have modern medicine like antibiotics, analgesic, and cancerRead MoreVivisection: Animal Experimentation1511 Words   |  7 PagesVivisection Many people today, including scientists and doctors, are questioning the suffering and killing of animals for the sake of human beings. Is it morally correct to dissect a frog or a worm for the purpose of educating a high school student? On the other hand, must We study life to protect life (1:131) The issue of killing animals for the use of biomedical research, education, and cosmetics can be referred as vivisection. Twenty-five to thirty-five million animals are spared in theRead MoreEssay about Animal Testing605 Words   |  3 Pages The history of animal testing can be traced back to the ancient Greeks and Romans. Aelius Galenus was a well known Roman physician and philosopher and an accomplished medical researcher of the Roman period. He is known as the father of vivisection. â€Å"Vivisection means the cutting up of a living animal, and historically referred only to experiments that involved the dissection of live animals.† (AllSands, History Of Animal Testing) In 1859, Charles Darwin wanted to better understand how the humanRead MoreThe Moral Issue Of Vivisection1695 Words   |  7 Pagesnot the case. There is a large amount of research that indicates that animal experiments often lacks validity and do not stand up when transferred to human beings. In addition, the moral issue of vivisection is one that we must all struggle with as human beings. Mohandas Gandhi said â€Å"I abhor vivisection with my whole soul. All the scientific discoveries stained with innocent blood I count as of no consequence.â €  and To my mind the life of a lamb is no less precious than that of a human being. IRead More Vivisection: Is it for you? Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesVivisection: Is it for you? Animal Research has become a heated debate over the past few decades, reaching a high point around the end of the twentieth century yet it still continues through today. There are two main ways to look at this topic: the logos pro side and the pathos anti side. Those who are for animal testing realize the amazing benefits that can come out of such research while those against animal testing stand up for animals’ rights and try to find ways to better such researchRead MoreEssay about Medical Experiments on Animals Create Abuse and Suffering1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Screams Behind the Creams: An Analysis of Vivisection in the Medical Industry 19.5 million animals are killed every year due to different experiments being tested on the animals. Vivisection is the use of live animals during operation for scientific research. Such animals may include: dogs, cats, primates, guinea pigs, and hamsters. One of the most common forms of vivisection is the experimentation for medical purposes such as making new medicines. The use of animals in the medical industryRead MoreAlternative to Animal Testing Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagesoutcome of new chemicals on the human body system. According to American Anti-Vivisection Society, â€Å"Nine out of ten drugs that appear promising in animals studies go on to fail in human clinical trials.† That indicates that almost ninety percent of traditional animal experiments fail in human trials. Although humans are similar to animals, they still do not have the exact genetic make up as animals. American Anti-Vivisection Society claims that, â€Å"Even the same species have similar differe nces that canRead MoreAnimal Testing Should be Banned543 Words   |  2 Pageslost ones and no one realizes how important their loved ones are to them (The Mystery of Animal Grief). Vivisection basically describes the experimenting of living things by dissecting. Due to vivisection, more and more animals are being protected; thus, vivisection is a major tool that allowed several amazing organizations. â€Å"Private organizations in the United States concerned with vivisection include the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), the National Institutes ofRead MoreSay No to Animal Testing1436 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal Testing Help Human Medicine† par. 3). ii. If there are more accurate methods of testing to medical advances, then why are there still so many animals suffering and dying? If cell culture toxicology methods give accuracy rates of 80-85 %,( â€Å"Vivisection Information Network† par. 2), and animal tests and human results agree only 5-25% of the time, animals should not still be suffering, under any circumstances. b. Considering the fact that animals and humans react very differently to different drugsRead MoreAnimal Testing And Its Impact On The Environment2372 Words   |  10 Pagesblood throughout the body through his experience in animal experimentation (Ribatti). In the late 19th century, objection for vivisection (surgery on live animals) increased—a direct relation with the increased adoption of domestic pets in England (Sharp). It wasn’t until this time that physicians were required to have scientific disciplines for their education that vivisection protests began, despite the fact that the Humane Society was established in 1866. Rather similarly to the path the United States

Managing Diversity in the Workplace Essay - 1140 Words

Managing diversity and demographical changes in the workplace presents many dilemmas. Confronted with constant change, management, business educators, and organizational consultants continue to meet the challenges of a new and diverse workforce in a number of ways. Diversity can be defined in numerous ways. Diversity includes all the ways in which people differ, and it encompasses all the different characteristics that make one individual or group different from another. It is all inclusive and recognizes every individual and every group as part of the diversity that should be valued. A broad definition includes not only race, gender, ethnicity, age, national origin, religion and disability, but may include sexual orientation, values,†¦show more content†¦That unceasing mockery made me feel insecure about who I was and where I came from. As I got older, my insecurity changed to a positive nature because of the sense of belonging in an environment where everyone came from the very same ethnic background at the private yeshiva for girls where I was enrolled for the duration of my high school years. I was constantly exposed to the multifarious cultures in our society due to leading a life of living in two worlds, my religious environment with my family in one and my socialization with my deaf friends who came from a variety of ethnic background in another. For what I was exposed with growing up has brought my sense of understanding and respect for ethnicity into perspective. I love learning about others and sharing about mine as well as long as the feelings are mutual. The way I behave affects others’ behaviors towards me. This allows for an amicable and friendly relationship with my fellow peers personally and professionally. With respect to the differences in maintaining skills and abilities, an individual’s behavior can be impacted by its own capabilities or lack thereof. Awareness of one’s physical ability and skill can enhance how one behaves. Maintaining skills is a learned power of doing something competently such as speaking fluently using proper form of language or the memory of mixing drinks. MaintainingShow MoreRelatedManaging Diversity in the Workplace1043 Words   |  5 PagesManaging diverse employees in a multicultural environment proves challenging to managers; yet, increasing diversity in the workplace is very beneficial for an organization. Diverse employees will provide a wider array of talents and will relate better to varied customers. Because managers have more influence than rank-and-file employees, it is imperative that managers commit to diversity of the workforce. Dissimilarities among people due to differences in characteristics can erode companies. FirstlyRead MoreManaging Diversity in the Workplace1356 Words   |  6 Pagesare instances, however, when workplace behavior can get out of hand and be inappropriate, causing a rift between employees. Many companies today hold yearly ethics courses designed to pinpoint an acceptable quality of behavior from their employees and also open up the floor to those who have issues with the company and its policies. Sometimes confronting an issue head on in a supportive environment will help find a positive solution to any issues of harassment or workplace abuse. Harassment should notRead MoreEssay on Managing Diversity in the Workplace1207 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy once said If we cannot end now our differences, at least we can help make the world safe for diversity. Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required Managerial Tools1 Kelli A. Green, Mayra Là ³pez, Allen Wysocki, and Karl Kepner2 Introduction The worlds increasing globalization requires more interaction among people from diverse cultures, beliefs, and backgrounds than ever before. People no longer live and work in an insular marketplace; they are nowRead MoreManaging Diversity Within The Workplace1605 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract- Managing Diversity in the workplace requires a lot of focus, training, and time. This paper gives an insight into the world of management and how diversity plays a big part. It explores the key benefits to putting emphasis on diversity and also how not putting emphasis on diversity could hurt your business. This paper also gives examples on how to go about managing diversity in the workplace. With proper focus on managing diversity, your organization can be at a big advantage. I. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreManaging Diversity in the Workplace Essay3304 Words   |  14 PagesDiversity in the Workplace Abstract Imagine that you are a highly qualified former Hispanic executive who was recently laid off from a fortune 500 hundred company. Within that company you held several key roles in which you were crucial to the success of the organization. In the prior roles you may have never really understood the need or the process of managing diversity. You hold several advanced degrees in key business fields despite all of your experience education and the economy flourishingRead More Managing Diversity in the Workplace Essay1900 Words   |  8 Pagesexercise our diversity. We need to give each other space so that we may both give and receive such beautiful things as ideas, openness, dignity, joy, healing, and inclusion. -- Max de Pree Workplaces today have become increasingly diverse with employees of different genders, races, cultures, ethnic origins, and lifestyles. Changes in the cultural make-up of organizations have been so vast that it has become imperative for leaders and supervisors to understand cultural diversity and how it canRead MoreManaging Diversity And Equality Within The Workplace2677 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Managing diversity and equality effectively in the workplace is the core responsibility of any organization in the contemporary business world. Shen, Chanda, D’Netto and Monga (2009) conducted a survey whose results revealed the massive diversity within the British society in terms of ethnicity, nationality and religion. As a result, the Equality Act of 2010 was formulated and became law whose provisions focus on legal protection against discrimination based on gender re-assignment,Read MoreEssay about Managing Diversity in the Workplace1449 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations need diversity to become more creative and open to change. Maximizing and capitalizing on workplace diversity has become an important issue for management today (UCSF). Workplace diversity refers to having a variety of different types of people working together within a place of business. Employee gender, race, religion, sexual preference, physical appearance, family or marital status, education, culture, personality, or tenure establishes diversity in the workplace. Diversity is rapidlyRead More Managing Diversity and Ethics in the Workplace - 12979 Words   |  12 Pages Managing Diversity and Ethics in the Workplace Introduction There steps leaders and managers can take to effectively manage diversity and ethics concerns. How a manager effectively manages ethics and diversity, within the organization is directly correlated to the cultural, organizational and external environment influence ethical behavior. One of the step’s leaders and managers can take is to incorporate diversity training of the organization. Read MoreManaging Workplace Diversity Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity is a term used most often to describe the different types of race, religion, and nationalities but in today’s business world, it is used to describe the different individual behaviors of employees. Diversity is about characteristics and demographics that differ from person to person and how they affect human behavior. To understand how diversity affects the work place let us look at four types of diversity--Differences in skill and abilities, Values and attitudes, Occupation differences

To Toll or Not To Toll Free Essays

Various public facilities have important uses aside from revenue generation of the government. Like the tollgates, these facilities serve for the conduct of checkpoints, safety for the commuting public and substantially generate government revenues. On the contrary, tollgates are also criticized as the bottlenecks of traffic as vehicles lined up at the maximum or minimum performance of the tollkeepers. We will write a custom essay sample on To Toll or Not To Toll or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the State of Connecticut, the Federal state and local governments plans reinstalling tolls on its highways. Several perceptions insinuate that causes of road accidents were due the absence of tollgates. It could be for the reasons that tollgates would slow down the speed of approaching vehicles as tollkeepers manning the traffic congestion from entry and exit lanes. This position paper will discuss and examine several points of considerations relating the reinstallation of tollgates in the State of Connecticut. Discussions It has been earlier reported in the 1980s that the removal of toll booths in the State of Connecticut have subsequently attributed to several road accidents that accounted about seven people who crashed and died at the Stratford tolls. In brief, Connecticut had more than 100 private turnpikes which were built from the period 1790 to 1850. The popularization of automobiles in the mid-20th century resulted to renew toll-backed financing to finance highways. In the 1990s to early 2000, technology plays a vital aspect in toll innovations through the introduction of electronic toll collection machines. Based on the May 10th 2009 news item ‘Toll proposals to be discussed at Thursday hearing’ by Martin B. Cassidy from the electronic publication of The Advocate, the Chairman of the Transportation Strategy Board Kevin Kelleher stated that â€Å"all the tolling concepts would use an EZ-Pass system†, referring to the system that would collect or tabulate fees from cars traveling at a speed of 55 miles per hour and up (1). Corey Sipe (2006) in his article at Associated Content electronic publishing has discussed the analysis of James J. Fazzalaro of the office of Legislative research which cited that one-way gateway toll fees at $1. 00 could generate $58 million in revenues (1). Meanwhile, the web site of BethelRepublicans. Org (2009) has published ‘Opposed to Tolls on I-84 in Danbury’, implying that toll should not only be implemented to generate revenues but also to promote efficiency. Further, it reported that Connecticut Republican Senator Michael McLachlan pointed out on the issue of traffic congestion during a forum held at Western Connecticut State University on March 26th 2009. As cited from the article of BethelRepublicans. Org (2009), it quoted Senator McLachlan who said that â€Å"drivers are trying to avoid the I-84 tolls by rerouting in community areas† (2). In which case, rerouting in the residential community areas congest the traffic of small roads in Danbury and residents could be prone to accidents. It may be acknowledged that Senator McLachlan has raised a considerable point not only on the issue of traffic situation but as well the public safety, in which could pave the way in the implementation of the tolling system. Despite the concern of Senator McLachlan, it was also pointed out that travel time, gas consumption and toll fees could be an added expense to reconsider (2). Indeed, many motorists tend to shorten their travel time and avoid the additional expenses for gas and toll fees. Moreover as previously covered in the article of Martin B. Cassidy (2009), the implementation of congestion pricing addresses the issue of efficiency. According to Cassidy (2009), the South Western Regional Planning Agency Executive Director Floyd Lapp commented that the state should use congestion pricing (1). It can be explained that â€Å"congestion pricing† is the process of charging distinctly separate toll rates on â€Å"peak or off-peak† travel time schedules. Also, the toll rates can be implemented in two ways, namely â€Å"static pricing† is attained in periodic intervals on a monthly or quarterly basis with published toll rates adjustments, while â€Å"dynamic pricing† can be implemented by using â€Å"electronic traffic sensor system† to monitor the volume of traffic and automatically adjust the toll rates. Early this year, the Associated Press in its electronic news has published ‘Report Pending on Highway Tolls in Connecticut’ with reference to the $1 Million research contract which was engaged by Connecticut Transportation Strategy Board (CTSB) with Cambridge Systematics, Inc. (CSI). The Associated Press has implied the result of the research-study could be the turning point to realize the seemingly idyllic yet pending developments on the tolling project implementation. However, the Associated Press quoted that â€Å"it is still doubtful whether the CTSB would be supportive of CSI’s findings and propositions† (1). On the following month after the comments of Associated Press, the year 2009 report of the Cambridge Systematics, Inc. (CSI) was then submitted to Connecticut Transportation Strategy Board (CTSB). The report which entitled: ‘Connecticut Electronic Tolling and Congestion Pricing Study’ was an independent technical study that formulated the strategic and feasible options in the implementation of the toll project. To generally describe the report, it contained variable conceptual framework on how the toll project can be effectively implemented and efficiently perform for public good, together with financial indicators that indicates the cost benefits of the state. Overall, the report has extensively presented the financial viabilities that comprised the operational components. As cited, the CSI report has highlighted the following findings (2): †¢ The New Toll Express Lanes require construction of new lanes and tolling, such as express lanes: A-1: Interstate 95 (Branford to Rhode Island State Line), and A-2: Interstate 84 (Waterbury to New York State Line); †¢ Conceptually, every users pay toll in spite of the occupancy levels and types of vehicles; †¢ Neither access strip would produce traffic congestion, estimating from 6. 2 to 13. 8 percents decline of vehicles for every hour of delay, which shall be implemented at â€Å"I-95 and I-84† toll projects within one year period exclusive of new lanes. CSI (2009) has further presented the estimated revenue generation within a 30-year target, as shown in the illustration below: How to cite To Toll or Not To Toll, Papers